Work-Energy Theorem
About This MicroSim
This simulation demonstrates the work-energy theorem by showing how forces do work to change an object's kinetic energy. Watch a cart move along a track while applied forces and friction do work, then verify that net work equals the change in kinetic energy.
Key Concepts
The work-energy theorem states:
\[W_{net} = \Delta KE = KE_f - KE_i = \frac{1}{2}mv_f^2 - \frac{1}{2}mv_i^2\]
Where: - W_net = net work done on the object - ΔKE = change in kinetic energy - m = mass - v_i, v_f = initial and final velocities
Controls
- Start/Pause: Begin or pause the simulation
- Reset: Return to initial conditions
- Show Friction: Toggle friction force on/off
- Mass: Adjust cart mass (1-20 kg)
- Initial Velocity: Set starting speed (0-15 m/s)
- Applied Force: Set external force (-50 to +50 N)
- Friction Coefficient (μ): Set friction level (0-0.5)
Visual Elements
- Green Arrow: Velocity vector (length proportional to speed)
- Red Arrow: Applied force
- Orange Arrow: Friction force (opposes motion)
- Energy Bars: Compare initial KE, final KE, and work done
- Speedometer: Real-time velocity display
Learning Objectives
- Verify that net work equals change in kinetic energy
- Understand how positive work increases KE and negative work decreases KE
- See how friction dissipates mechanical energy
- Compare the force-based and energy-based approaches to motion analysis