graph LR PPS["Perceived Psychological Safety"]:::r1 -->|"+"| WSU["Willingness to Speak Up"]:::r1 WSU -->|"+"| EED["Error Exposure in Discourse"]:::r1 EED -->|"+"| GEC["Group Error-Correction Opportunity"]:::r1 GEC -->|"+ with delay"| LOQ["Learning Outcome Quality"]:::r1 LOQ -->|"+"| PPS GMS["Group-Membership Salience"]:::r2 -->|"+"| TC["Threat Concern"]:::r2 TC -->|"+"| WML["Working-Memory Load"]:::r2 WML -->|"−"| POT["Performance on Task"]:::r2 POT -->|"−"| CSB["Confirmation of Stereotype Belief"]:::r2 CSB -->|"+"| TC CSB -->|"−"| PPS R1[" R1: Safety Flywheel -- reinforcing, productive "]:::looplabel R2[" R2: Threat-Load-Underperformance Trap -- reinforcing, corrosive "]:::looplabel classDef r1 fill:#4A90D9,stroke:#2C5F8A,color:#fff classDef r2 fill:#E8795A,stroke:#C0392B,color:#fff classDef looplabel fill:none,stroke:none,color:#555,font-size:12px