Skip to content

Homogeneous System Explorer

Run the Homogeneous Systems MicroSim Fullscreen

Edit the MicroSim with the p5.js editor

About This MicroSim

A homogeneous system has the form \(Ax = 0\) where all right-hand side values are zero. These systems have special properties:

  • The trivial solution \(x = 0\) always exists
  • Nontrivial solutions may or may not exist
  • The set of all solutions forms a subspace (the null space of \(A\))

Key Concepts

When do nontrivial solutions exist?

Condition Nontrivial Solutions?
Number of variables > number of equations Always
rank(A) < number of variables Yes
rank(A) = number of variables No (only trivial)

Null Space Dimension:

\[\text{dim(null space)} = n - \text{rank}(A)\]

where \(n\) is the number of variables (columns of \(A\)).

Visualizing the Null Space

Null Space Dimension Geometric Shape
0 Just the origin (point)
1 Line through origin
2 Plane through origin
k k-dimensional subspace through origin

Lesson Plan

Learning Objectives

After using this MicroSim, students will be able to:

  1. Identify when homogeneous systems have nontrivial solutions
  2. Calculate the dimension of the null space from the rank
  3. Visualize the null space as a geometric subspace
  4. Understand why the null space always passes through the origin

Suggested Activities

  1. Compare Examples: Switch between presets and observe how the null space dimension changes
  2. Verify the Formula: For each example, verify that dim(null space) = n - rank
  3. Geometric Intuition: Drag to rotate the 3D view and understand the null space shape
  4. More Variables: Notice that when n > m, nontrivial solutions are guaranteed