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References: Healthcare Financial Forecasting and Risk

  1. Bundled Payment - Wikipedia - Explains the single fixed-price episode-of-care reimbursement model this chapter uses to show how bundled payments shift complication risk from payer to provider, in contrast to fee-for-service.

  2. Accountable Care Organization - Wikipedia - Covers the coordinated provider group structure underlying this chapter's discussion of shared savings programs, one-sided versus two-sided risk, and spending benchmarks.

  3. Total Cost of Ownership - Wikipedia - Defines the direct-and-indirect-cost accounting concept this chapter applies to its graph-database migration worked example alongside ROI and break-even analysis.

  4. Gapenski's Healthcare Finance: An Introduction to Accounting and Financial Management (7th Edition) - Louis C. Gapenski, Kristin L. Reiter, and Paula H. Song - Health Administration Press - The standard health-administration text credited for its capital investment decision framework, mirroring this chapter's worked TCO, ROI, and break-even analysis of a health system technology investment.

  5. Essentials of Managed Health Care (6th Edition) - Peter R. Kongstvedt - Jones & Bartlett Learning - The most widely used managed-care textbook, credited for its detailed treatment of risk pools, capitation arrangements, and ACO shared-savings mechanics that this chapter models as financial risk-sharing structures.

  6. BPCI Advanced - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services - CMS's official page on its bundled-payment innovation model, describing the 90-day clinical episode and downside risk structure this chapter uses to explain bundled payment incentives.

  7. Shared Savings Program - Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services - The official CMS program page explaining how ACOs share in savings against a spending benchmark, directly underlying this chapter's one-sided versus two-sided risk discussion.

  8. 7 KPIs Providers Should Be Tracking - Healthcare Financial Management Association - An industry benchmark article covering denial rate, days in accounts receivable, and net collection rate thresholds that this chapter cites as revenue-cycle risk indicators.

  9. Data Mine: Measuring Success - Finding the Right Metrics to Optimize the Revenue Cycle - Medical Group Management Association - Benchmarks accounts receivable aging, days in A/R, and collection percentage against MGMA's Better Performer data, supporting this chapter's net collection rate and Days in AR worked examples.

  10. Break-Even Analysis: How to Calculate the Break-Even Point - Corporate Finance Institute - Walks through the break-even formula and worked example that this chapter applies to determine when a health system's cost-containment technology investment pays for itself.