References: Healthy Doubt and Open Minds
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Confirmation bias - Wikipedia - In-depth coverage of the psychological tendency to favor information that confirms existing beliefs, including research on how it affects decision-making and strategies for counteracting it.
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Correlation does not imply causation - Wikipedia - Explains why two things happening together does not prove one causes the other, with classic examples like ice cream sales and drowning rates that make the concept accessible.
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Open-mindedness - Wikipedia - Explores the intellectual virtue of being receptive to new ideas and evidence, its role in critical thinking, and how it differs from gullibility or indecisiveness.
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Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011 - Nobel laureate's landmark book explaining the two systems of thinking — fast intuitive reactions and slow deliberate reasoning — and the cognitive biases that affect everyday decisions.
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You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You're Deluding Yourself by David McRaney, Gotham Books, 2011 - An accessible introduction to cognitive biases and logical fallacies written in plain language, helping readers understand how their own thinking can mislead them.
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Challenging Confirmation Bias - Common Sense Education - A classroom lesson teaching students to recognize their brain's tendency to seek confirming information and practice strategies for fair-minded evaluation of online content.
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Raising Digital Citizens - National Cybersecurity Alliance - Practical guidance for families on building children's digital citizenship skills, including critical evaluation of online information and healthy skepticism habits.
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The 5 Competencies of Digital Citizenship - ISTE - Describes the five core competencies including inclusive, informed, engaged, balanced, and alert digital citizenship, shifting the conversation from restrictions to positive habits.
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Digital Media Literacy Fundamentals - MediaSmarts - Foundational guide defining digital media literacy and explaining how critical thinking, bias awareness, and open-mindedness work together in evaluating online content.
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ConnectSafely: Digital Citizenship - ConnectSafely - Explains digital citizenship as active practice rather than passive knowledge, emphasizing that students learn rights, responsibilities, and reflective habits through doing.