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Concept List

This is the full concept inventory for Learning STEM with Raspberry Pi Hardware, generated from course-description.md. Because this course is an encyclopedia-style survey spanning 16 topics across 5 hardware tiers, the target concept count was raised from the default ~200 to up to 600, per the user's explicit direction — many concepts here are intentionally shallow (a name and a one-line mental model) because the deep treatment lives in a companion book, but the goal is a complete inventory of every concept a student or teacher should recognize across the whole Raspberry Pi Foundation hardware family.

Concepts are grouped under the course description's 16 topics for readability, but numbering is continuous across the whole document so each number is a stable, unique ConceptID.

Please review this list before Step 3 (dependency graph generation). Removing, renaming, or adding concepts now is cheap; doing it after the dependency graph and taxonomy are built is expensive in tokens and rework.

Topic 1: Computational Thinking for Physical Computing

  1. Computational Thinking
  2. Decomposition
  3. Pattern Recognition
  4. Abstraction
  5. Algorithm Design
  6. Algorithm
  7. Physical Computing
  8. Input Device
  9. Output Device
  10. Sensor
  11. Actuator
  12. Feedback Loop
  13. Sense Think Act Cycle
  14. Debugging
  15. Rubber Duck Debugging
  16. Iterative Design
  17. Prototype
  18. Edge Case
  19. Root Cause Analysis
  20. Flowchart
  21. Pseudocode
  22. State Machine
  23. Event Driven Programming
  24. Polling
  25. Interrupt
  26. Trial And Error Testing

Topic 2: Choosing the Right Raspberry Pi Product

  1. Raspberry Pi Foundation
  2. Raspberry Pi Pico
  3. Raspberry Pi Pico W
  4. Raspberry Pi Pico 2
  5. Raspberry Pi 500+
  6. Raspberry Pi 5
  7. Microcontroller
  8. Single Board Computer
  9. System On Chip
  10. RP2040 Chip
  11. RP2350 Chip
  12. Broadcom BCM2712
  13. Clock Speed
  14. RAM Shortage
  15. Price Tier
  16. Total Cost Of Ownership
  17. Product Decision Framework
  18. Classroom Budget
  19. Bulk Purchasing
  20. Device Lifespan
  21. Hardware Compatibility
  22. Vendor Documentation

Topic 3: Breadboard, GPIO, and Circuit Fundamentals

  1. Breadboard
  2. Breadboard Rail
  3. Breadboard Row
  4. Jumper Wire
  5. GPIO Pin
  6. Pin Numbering
  7. Digital Pin
  8. Analog Pin
  9. Voltage
  10. Current
  11. Resistance
  12. Ohms Law
  13. Resistor
  14. Pull Up Resistor
  15. Pull Down Resistor
  16. Capacitor
  17. LED
  18. LED Polarity
  19. Forward Voltage
  20. Current Limiting Resistor
  21. Ground
  22. VCC
  23. 3.3 Volt Logic
  24. Short Circuit
  25. Open Circuit
  26. Series Circuit
  27. Parallel Circuit
  28. Multimeter
  29. Continuity Test
  30. Digital Output
  31. Digital Input
  32. Analog To Digital Converter
  33. PWM
  34. Duty Cycle
  35. Debounce
  36. Schematic Diagram
  37. Circuit Diagram
  38. Wire Color Convention
  39. Power Rail
  40. Component Datasheet
  41. Static Discharge
  42. MicroPython
  43. Thonny IDE
  44. Blink An LED

Topic 4: NeoPixel and WS2812B LED Art

  1. NeoPixel
  2. WS2812B LED
  3. Addressable LED
  4. RGB Color Model
  5. RGB Value
  6. Color Mixing
  7. Hue
  8. Saturation
  9. Brightness
  10. Pixel Index
  11. LED Strip
  12. Data Line
  13. Chained LED Protocol
  14. Color Wheel
  15. Rainbow Cycle
  16. Animation Frame
  17. Frame Rate
  18. Color Fade
  19. Chase Animation
  20. Sparkle Animation
  21. Color Palette
  22. Neopixel Library
  23. Show Method
  24. Fill Method
  25. Set Pixel Color
  26. Brightness Scaling
  27. Power Budget For LEDs
  28. Current Draw Per LED
  29. Wearable Electronics
  30. LED Diffuser
  31. Light Painting
  32. Color Theory

Topic 5: Buttons, Photoresistors, and Analog Input

  1. Push Button
  2. Momentary Switch
  3. Photoresistor
  4. Light Dependent Resistor
  5. Voltage Divider
  6. Analog Read
  7. Digital Read
  8. Threshold Value
  9. Calibration
  10. Potentiometer
  11. Tilt Switch
  12. Reed Switch
  13. Magnetic Sensor
  14. Temperature Sensor
  15. DHT11 Sensor
  16. Humidity Sensor
  17. Sound Sensor
  18. Microphone Module
  19. Piezo Buzzer
  20. Passive Buzzer
  21. Active Buzzer
  22. Tone Generation
  23. Interrupt Handler
  24. Button Debounce Code
  25. Sensor Reading Loop
  26. Sampling Rate
  27. Noise Filtering
  28. Moving Average Filter

Topic 6: No-Display STEM Robot ($19 Tier)

  1. Robot Chassis
  2. DC Motor
  3. Motor Driver
  4. H Bridge
  5. Motor Polarity
  6. Wheel Encoder
  7. Differential Drive
  8. Left Motor
  9. Right Motor
  10. Forward Motion
  11. Turning Radius
  12. Motor Speed Control
  13. Battery Pack
  14. Rechargeable Battery
  15. Power Switch
  16. Voltage Regulator
  17. Ultrasonic Sensor
  18. Time Of Flight Sensor
  19. Distance Measurement
  20. Obstacle Detection
  21. Collision Avoidance
  22. Line Following
  23. Infrared Sensor
  24. Reflectance Sensor
  25. Robot Behavior Loop
  26. State Based Behavior
  27. Autonomous Navigation
  28. Robot Calibration
  29. Chassis Assembly
  30. Wheel Alignment
  31. Robot Testing Arena
  32. Robot Safety Stop
  33. Emergency Stop Button
  34. Motor Stall

Topic 7: OLED Display and Expressive Behaviors ($35 Tier)

  1. OLED Display
  2. SSD1306 Driver
  3. I2C Protocol
  4. I2C Address
  5. SPI Protocol
  6. Display Resolution
  7. Pixel Buffer
  8. Frame Buffer
  9. Draw Pixel
  10. Draw Line
  11. Draw Circle
  12. Draw Text
  13. Font Rendering
  14. Display Refresh
  15. Facial Expression Design
  16. Eye Shape
  17. Emotion State
  18. Idle Animation
  19. Blink Animation
  20. Expression Transition
  21. Sensor Driven Expression
  22. Robot Personality
  23. Behavior Tree
  24. Priority Based Behavior
  25. Sound Feedback
  26. Buzzer Melody
  27. Multi Sensor Fusion
  28. Display Wiring
  29. Contrast Setting
  30. Screen Saver Mode
  31. Custom Bitmap Icon
  32. Animation Timing
  33. Non Blocking Code
  34. Cooperative Multitasking

Topic 8: Clocks, Watches, and Wearable Electronics

  1. Real Time Clock
  2. DS3231 Module
  3. Coin Cell Battery
  4. Timekeeping Accuracy
  5. NTP Time Sync
  6. Network Time Protocol
  7. Epoch Time
  8. Time Zone Offset
  9. Seven Segment Display
  10. TM1637 Driver
  11. Shift Register
  12. 74HC595 Chip
  13. LCD Character Display
  14. LCD1602 Module
  15. TFT Display
  16. ILI9341 Driver
  17. Round Display
  18. GC9A01 Driver
  19. Watch Face Design
  20. Analog Clock Hands
  21. Digital Clock Format
  22. Alarm Feature
  23. Stopwatch Feature
  24. Timer Feature
  25. Wearable Enclosure
  26. Wristband Mounting
  27. Battery Life Optimization
  28. Sleep Mode
  29. Deep Sleep
  30. Low Power Design
  31. Clock Update Interval
  32. Time Formatting Code
  33. Daylight Saving Time
  34. Custom Watch Strap

Topic 9: Wireless Communication with Pico W

  1. Wi-Fi
  2. Wi-Fi Credentials
  3. Network SSID
  4. IP Address
  5. DHCP
  6. Wireless Module
  7. CYW43 Chip
  8. Socket Programming
  9. HTTP Protocol
  10. HTTP Request
  11. HTTP Response
  12. Web Server
  13. REST Endpoint
  14. JSON Data Format
  15. MQTT Protocol
  16. MQTT Broker
  17. MQTT Topic
  18. Publish Subscribe Model
  19. Bluetooth Low Energy
  20. BLE Advertising
  21. BLE Peripheral
  22. BLE Central
  23. BLE Service
  24. BLE Characteristic
  25. Pairing Process
  26. Swarm Robotics
  27. Peer To Peer Communication
  28. Network Latency
  29. Packet Loss
  30. Wireless Range
  31. Firewall Basics
  32. Network Security
  33. Captive Portal
  34. Access Point Mode
  35. Station Mode
  36. Remote Control Interface

Topic 10: Linux, Terminal, and Desktop Computing on the Pi 500+

  1. Raspberry Pi OS
  2. Linux Kernel
  3. Boot Process
  4. SD Card Imaging
  5. Raspberry Pi Imager
  6. Desktop Environment
  7. Window Manager
  8. File Manager
  9. Terminal Emulator
  10. Command Line Interface
  11. Shell
  12. Bash Shell
  13. Shell Prompt
  14. Working Directory
  15. File System Hierarchy
  16. Home Directory
  17. Root User
  18. Sudo Command
  19. File Permissions
  20. Chmod Command
  21. Chown Command
  22. List Files Command
  23. Change Directory Command
  24. Make Directory Command
  25. Copy File Command
  26. Move File Command
  27. Remove File Command
  28. Nano Text Editor
  29. Package Manager
  30. APT Package Manager
  31. Install Package Command
  32. Update System Command
  33. Process Management
  34. Task Manager
  35. Environment Variable
  36. Shell Script
  37. Cron Job
  38. SSH Protocol
  39. Remote Login
  40. VNC Remote Desktop
  41. Local Network Discovery
  42. Hostname
  43. System Configuration Tool
  44. Software Update
  45. Multi Application Multitasking

Topic 11: Per-Key RGB Keyboard Programming

  1. Per Key RGB Lighting
  2. Keyboard Matrix
  3. Key Scan Code
  4. Keyboard Firmware
  5. RGB LED Zone
  6. Lighting Effect Script
  7. Key Press Event
  8. Key Release Event
  9. Color Gradient Effect
  10. Typing Speed Indicator
  11. Notification Lighting Pattern
  12. Keyboard API
  13. Python Keyboard Library
  14. Custom Key Mapping
  15. Macro Key
  16. Lighting Animation Loop
  17. Reactive Lighting
  18. Ambient Lighting Mode
  19. Keyboard Shortcut
  20. USB HID Protocol
  21. Human Interface Device
  22. Keyboard Backlight Brightness
  23. Lighting Preset
  24. Event Driven Lighting
  25. Visual Feedback Design
  26. Accessibility Lighting Cue
  27. Game Status Indicator
  28. Pomodoro Timer Lighting

Topic 12: Raspberry Pi 5 Fundamentals — SBC, Storage, and Camera Modules

  1. PCIe Interface
  2. NVMe Storage
  3. MicroSD Storage
  4. USB 3.0 Port
  5. Dual 4K Display Output
  6. Gigabit Ethernet
  7. Camera Serial Interface
  8. Camera Module
  9. Camera Resolution
  10. Frame Capture
  11. Video Stream
  12. Image Sensor
  13. Autofocus Camera
  14. Global Shutter Camera
  15. Rolling Shutter Camera
  16. Active Cooling
  17. Heat Sink
  18. Thermal Throttling
  19. Power Supply Rating
  20. USB C Power Delivery
  21. GPIO Header
  22. 40 Pin Header
  23. Real Time I O
  24. Kernel Driver
  25. Device Tree Overlay
  26. Operating System Image
  27. Cross Compilation
  28. Python Virtual Environment
  29. Package Dependency
  30. Library Installation
  31. Version Control
  32. Git Basics
  33. GitHub Repository
  34. Code Editor
  35. VS Code On Pi
  36. File Transfer Protocol
  37. Headless Setup
  38. Case And Ventilation
  39. Storage Benchmark

Topic 13: Real-Time Image Recognition with AI HAT+

  1. AI HAT Plus
  2. Neural Processing Unit
  3. TOPS Performance Metric
  4. Machine Learning Model
  5. Pretrained Model
  6. Model Inference
  7. Model Training
  8. Training Versus Inference
  9. Neural Network
  10. Convolutional Neural Network
  11. Image Classification
  12. Object Detection
  13. Bounding Box
  14. Confidence Score
  15. Class Label
  16. Labeled Dataset
  17. Training Dataset
  18. Validation Dataset
  19. Model Accuracy
  20. False Positive
  21. False Negative
  22. Overfitting
  23. Model Quantization
  24. Model Compression
  25. TFLite Model Format
  26. ONNX Model Format
  27. Edge AI
  28. Inference Latency
  29. Frames Per Second
  30. Hardware Accelerator
  31. Hailo Accelerator
  32. Model Zoo
  33. Transfer Learning
  34. Custom Object Class
  35. Region Of Interest
  36. Non Maximum Suppression
  37. Image Preprocessing
  38. Real Time Video Pipeline
  39. Camera To Model Pipeline
  40. Detection Threshold

Topic 14: Real-Time Sound and Audio Recognition

  1. Microphone Array
  2. USB Microphone
  3. Audio Sampling Rate
  4. Analog Audio Signal
  5. Digital Audio Signal
  6. Audio Buffer
  7. Fast Fourier Transform
  8. Frequency Spectrum
  9. Spectrogram
  10. Sound Classification
  11. Keyword Spotting
  12. Wake Word Detection
  13. Voice Command
  14. Audio Feature Extraction
  15. Mel Frequency Cepstrum
  16. Noise Floor
  17. Signal To Noise Ratio
  18. Audio Preprocessing Pipeline
  19. Text To Speech
  20. Speech To Text
  21. Audio Model Inference
  22. Sound Event Detection
  23. Environmental Sound Class
  24. Alert Sound Trigger
  25. Audio Latency
  26. I2S Audio Interface
  27. PCM5102 DAC
  28. Speaker Output
  29. Amplifier Module
  30. Audio Confidence Score
  31. Multi Modal Recognition
  32. Audio Privacy Considerations
  33. On Device Processing
  34. Cloud Versus Edge Processing

Topic 15: Budgeting, Sourcing, and Classroom Logistics

  1. Project Budgeting
  2. Bill Of Materials
  3. Component Sourcing
  4. Vendor Comparison
  5. Bulk Discount
  6. Component Substitution
  7. Supply Chain Shortage
  8. Lead Time
  9. Classroom Kit Organization
  10. Storage And Inventory
  11. Shared Component Bin
  12. Loaner Equipment Policy
  13. Grant Funding
  14. Donor Sourced Hardware
  15. Cost Per Student
  16. Reusable Versus Consumable
  17. Kit Checklist
  18. Damage And Repair Plan
  19. Safety Guidelines
  20. Electrical Safety
  21. Battery Safety
  22. Classroom Time Management
  23. Lab Station Setup
  24. Group Size Planning
  25. Differentiated Instruction
  26. Assessment Rubric
  27. Student Portfolio

Topic 16: Capstone Design Challenges

  1. Capstone Project
  2. Design Brief
  3. Cross Tier Integration
  4. Sensor To Cloud Pipeline
  5. Multi Board Communication
  6. Project Planning Document
  7. Engineering Design Process
  8. Requirements Gathering
  9. Prototype Iteration
  10. User Testing
  11. Peer Code Review
  12. Project Demo Day
  13. Presentation Skills
  14. Technical Documentation
  15. README File
  16. Project Reflection
  17. Science Fair Format
  18. Robot Day Showcase Format
  19. Portfolio Artifact
  20. Open Ended Problem
  21. Constraint Based Design
  22. Original Invention
  23. Remix And Extend
  24. Companion Book Cross Reference
  25. Next Steps Learning Path
  26. Independent Study Extension
  27. Community Showcase Event
  28. Course Wrap Up Reflection