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References: Electricity, Power, and Safety Basics

  1. Ohm's law - Wikipedia - Explains the relationship among voltage, current, and resistance, along with its history and limits. It supports the chapter's core calculation for sizing resistors and predicting how much current a load draws.

  2. Fuse (electrical) - Wikipedia - Describes how fuses protect circuits by melting under excess current, plus ratings and types. It backs the chapter's guidance on choosing a fuse that protects wiring and motors in the arm's power path.

  3. Kill switch - Wikipedia - Covers emergency stop devices that quickly shut down machinery, including design practice and where they are required. It supports the chapter's hardware E-stop section and the reasoning for a physical stop.

  4. The Art of Electronics (3rd Edition) - Paul Horowitz and Winfield Hill - Cambridge University Press - Teaches by pairing worked designs with candid commentary on what works in practice, including rules of thumb and bad-circuit warnings. That style builds the quick sanity-checking habit the chapter wants for voltage drop and power budgets.

  5. Make: Electronics (3rd Edition) - Charles Platt - Make Community - Platt uses a discovery-based method in which readers handle real components and observe results before the theory is formalized. This hands-on sequence suits the chapter's measure-first treatment of voltage, current, and Ohm's law. Chosen for clarity rather than as sole originator.

  6. Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Ohm's Law - SparkFun Learn - Uses a water-tank analogy for the three quantities and then applies Ohm's law to choose an LED resistor. It reinforces the chapter's introduction to electricity with a concrete picture beginners can hold on to.

  7. Electric Power - SparkFun Learn - Explains power in watts as voltage times current and why components carry power ratings to avoid overheating. It supports the chapter's electrical power formula and the power budget for the arm's supply.

  8. Working with Wire - SparkFun Learn - Covers solid versus stranded wire, wire gauge, stripping, splicing, and crimping connectors. It gives practical grounding for the chapter's wire gauge, current rating, and power connector sections.

  9. How to Use a Multimeter - SparkFun Learn - Shows how to measure voltage, resistance, and current, test continuity, and check a fuse with a digital multimeter. It teaches the measurement skills behind the chapter's Ohm's law circuit and common ground checks.

  10. Robotics Overview - OSHA - A U.S. workplace safety agency page noting that many robot accidents occur during programming, maintenance, and setup. It supports the chapter's risk assessment mindset and its rule to keep hands clear and the E-stop within reach.