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References: U.S. Imperialism and World War I (1898–1920)

  1. Spanish–American War - Wikipedia - Covers the war's causes (yellow journalism, USS Maine), its swift outcome, and the acquisition of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines — transforming the United States into an overseas empire.

  2. World War I - Wikipedia - Comprehensive overview of the war's causes, major fronts, U.S. neutrality and entry, home front mobilization, and the consequences of the Armistice and Treaty of Versailles.

  3. Treaty of Versailles - Wikipedia - Details the peace settlement, Wilson's Fourteen Points, the "war guilt" clause, reparations, the League of Nations proposal, and the Senate's rejection of U.S. membership.

  4. Alan Dawley, Changing the World: American Progressives in War and Revolution (2003) - Princeton University Press - Examines how Progressive reformers navigated the tension between their domestic reform agenda and U.S. entry into WWI, including the suppression of dissent under the Espionage Act.

  5. Barbara Tuchman, The Guns of August (1962) - Macmillan - Pulitzer Prize-winning account of the war's outbreak and first weeks; while focused on Europe, it remains the classic study of how miscalculation and alliance systems produced catastrophe.

  6. Digital History: World War I and Its Aftermath - University of Houston - Primary sources on WWI propaganda, the Espionage and Sedition Acts, Wilson's Fourteen Points, and the Red Scare that followed the war.

  7. National WWI Museum and Memorial - National WWI Museum - Interactive timelines, artifact collections, and essays on U.S. entry, home front mobilization, African American service (the "Harlem Hellfighters"), and the aftermath.

  8. Avalon Project: Wilson's Fourteen Points (1918) - Yale Law School - Full text of Woodrow Wilson's January 1918 address to Congress outlining his vision for a post-war international order, the primary source basis for analyzing Wilson's idealism.

  9. Library of Congress: World War I Poster Collection - Library of Congress - Archive of hundreds of U.S. government propaganda posters from WWI; an essential primary source for analyzing wartime propaganda techniques.

  10. Khan Academy: World War I - Khan Academy - Article and video series on U.S. neutrality, the Zimmermann Telegram, home front mobilization, the Espionage Act, and Wilson's peace program.