Chain of Infection

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  1. Pathogen — A pathogen is a microorganism or agent capable of causing disease.
  2. Reservoir — A reservoir is where the pathogen normally lives or multiplies, such as people, animals, or environments.
  3. Exit — A portal of exit is how a pathogen leaves its reservoir.
  4. Transmission — Transmission may be direct, airborne, droplet, surface, food, water, blood, or vector-borne.
  5. Entry — A portal of entry is how the pathogen reaches a new host.
  6. Susceptible Host — Susceptibility reflects immunity, exposure, health, age, vaccination, and social conditions.

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